TSL_1_6678
Description: A half round loaf of bread.
Category: Loafs and cakes [Gardiner X]
Basic Form: low narrow
Tag: bread
Type: simple


Bibliography
Borghouts, J. F. (2010), Egyptian: an introduction to the writing and language of the Middle Kingdom, 2 vols. Egyptologische Uitgaven 24, page 160, note 1
Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 531
Codes
Gardiner  X1
Hieroglyphica  X1
Jsesh  X1
Unicode  U+133CF 𓏏
Cite as

Please cite as: Sign TSL_1_6678 <http://thotsignlist.org/mysign?id=6678>, in: Thot Sign List <http://thotsignlist.org>,
edited by Université de Liège and Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften.

Credits
Creator: C. Birkmeier
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis, S. Grallert, L. Seelau, S.D. Schweitzer, A. Weber, M. Bader
classifier (3 function(s))
Phonetic value Semantic value Use
bread regular

Tokens
TokenSourceDate

ḫnm=f t' gss.w
enjoying bread and half-breads
Amenhotep III Nebmaatre
Bibliography
Borghouts, J. F. (2010), Egyptian: an introduction to the writing and language of the Middle Kingdom, 2 vols. Egyptologische Uitgaven 24, page 160
Credits
Creator: L. Seelau
Editor(s):
filler regular
Comment unnecessary addition
Tokens
TokenSourceDate

ꜥnḏ.w šm r ẖ.t ꜥꜣ br.wy rn=f
the light of the sun, which goes to the great thing of the two eye-balls, is its name
Ptolemy VI Philometor

ms ꜥbb r ḫḫ n rꜥ r sꜣw ḥm=f r sb.yw
who presents the scarab to the neck of Ra, in order to protect his majesty against enemies
Ptolemy IX Soter II (1st reign in Egypt)

dwn ꜥ.wy=f(y) ẖr ꜥnḫ-mrr
who extends his two arms under the anx-mrr scarab
Ptolemy XIII

bꜣ šps n wsjr ḫnt.(y) jmn.t(y)t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏ.w wsjr jwn wr m jwn.t bꜣ šps jyj=f m ꜣḫ šps r ẖnm ḫpr.w=f m ḥw.t-nṯr=f
The noble ba of Osiris, formost of the west, great god, lord of Abidos, Osiris the pillar, great one in Dendera, the noble ba, he comes as the noble spirit in order to unite with his shapes in his temple.
Cleopatra VII Philopator
Bibliography
Credits
Creator: J. Grotenhuis
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis
geographical location regular
Comment Technically a wrong addition in these cases, as these geographical locations are masculine, not feminine.
Tokens
TokenSourceDate

ḥtp-dj-nswt wsjr nb ḏdw ḫnt(.y) jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw
An offering that the king gives of Osiris, lord of Busiris, formost of the westerners, lord of Abydos,
Amenemhat I Sehetepibre

ḥr mḥ.ty-jꜣb.t n(.t) jq(r)
upon the north-east of the sixth nome
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

sbk-rꜥ nb nb.yt nṯr ꜥꜣ nb tꜣ-sty
Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, the great god, lord of the first upper Egyptian nome.
Ptolemy XIII

n(y)-sw.t šmꜥ bj.ty mḥw
the king of upper Egypt, the king of lower Egypt
Ptolemy XIII

sbk-rꜥ nb nb.yt nṯr ꜥꜣ nb tꜣ-sty
Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, the great god, lord of the first upper Egyptian nome.
Ptolemy XIII

n(.t) tꜣ šmꜥ bj.tyt n(.t) tꜣ mḥw
(the queen) of the land of upper Egypt, the queen of the land of lower Egypt
Cleopatra VII Philopator

jyj=f n=ṯ mn.w=f r dmj
He comes to you, his ship is towards the harbour
Cleopatra VII Philopator

bꜣ šps n wsjr ḫnt.(y) jmn.t(y)t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏ.w wsjr jwn wr m jwn.t bꜣ šps jyj=f m ꜣḫ šps r ẖnm ḫpr.w=f m ḥw.t-nṯr=f
The noble ba of Osiris, formost of the west, great god, lord of Abidos, Osiris the pillar, great one in Dendera, the noble ba, he comes as the noble spirit in order to unite with his shapes in his temple.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

wꜥ.t m tꜣ-rr srq.t wr.t
The sole one in Dendera, the great scorpion
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḥtp.wt m jq(r) m ptḥ nfr ḥr
who rests in the nome of the annihilated crocodile as Ptah, beautiful of face
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ṯḥḥ.wt ḫpr.tj m ḫt-mn
The exultation comes to be in Egypt
Cleopatra VII Philopator

nb [..] nṯr ꜥꜣ m tꜣ-rr ꜥꜣ pḥ.ty
Lord of [...], great god in Dendera, great of strenght
Cleopatra VII Philopator
Bibliography
Credits
Creator: TSL
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis

interpretant (1 function(s))
Phonetic value Semantic value Use
t regular

Tokens
TokenSourceDate

(j)m(.y)-ḫt srq.t
follower of Serket
6th Dynasty

rḏ.y n=k jr.ty=k m jꜥr.ty=k
Your eyes are given to you as your two uraeus snakes
Pepi I Merire

ꜥꜣ ḥr=f ḫtn ḫns ḫtm=f m jr.ty ḏw.t
The door, upon it is the xtn of the double bull, its lock is as the two evil eyes.
Pepi I Merire

ḥꜣ.ty-ꜥ ẖtm.w-bj.ty smḥr wꜥ.ty
The mayor, the seal bearer of the king of Lower Egypt, the sole companion
Pepi II Neferkare

ḥtp-ḏj-nzw jnp.w tp.j-ḏw=f jm.j-wt nb-tꜣ-ḏsr-m-s.wt=f-nb.wt-nfr.wt
An offering which the king gives, and Anubis, upon his mountain, who is in the place of embalming, lord of the necropolis in all his beautiful places
1st Intermediate Period

ḥtp-ḏ-nswt jnp.w tp(.j)-ḏw=f jm(.j)-wt nb-tꜣ-ḏsr pr.t-ḫrw ḫꜣ t' ḥnq.t ḫꜣ kꜣ ꜣpd ḫꜣ šs mnḫ.t ḫꜣ (j)ḫ.t nb(.t) nfr(.t) wꜥb(.t) [...]
An offering that the king gives and Anubis, who is upon his mountain, lord of the embalming place, lord of the sacred land: an invocation offering (of) a thousand of bread and beer, a thousand of bulls and birds, a thousand of alabaster and linen, a thousand of all good and pure things, [...]
Intef III Nakhtnebtepnefer

mr.t=j m ẖ.t n.t jt.y
that which I love is in the belly of the sovereign.
Senwosret I Kheperkare

jw jr.n=j tꜣš=j ḫnt=j jt.w=j
I have made my border, while I go south (beyond) my fathers.
Senwosret III Khakaure

ḥrw-r bꜣk snṯr ꜥd bj.t
apart from moringa-oil, incense, fat, honey
Kamose

sꜣ=f nfr-ḥtp mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
his son, Neferhotep, justified.
19th Dynasty

jr (j)n bj.t n jmn ꜥꜣ-nḫt.w-ḫnsw
Performed by the beekeeper of Amon, Aa-nakht-Khonsu
19th Dynasty

ḥtr=k r grg km.t
you are appointed to maintain Egypt to in good order
Sety I Menmaatre

n(y)-sw.t bj.ty wsr-mꜣꜥ.t-rꜥ mr(y)-jmn sꜣ rꜥ rꜥ-ms-s(w)-ḥqꜣ jwn.w
The king of upper an lower Egypt, Wesermaatre-Meriamon, the son of Ra, Ramses-Heqaiounou
Ramesses III Usermaatre-Meriamun

ḥm-nṯr wsjr ḫnt(y) ḥw.t-nṯr ḥm-nṯr ꜣs.t ḥḏḏ.t
The priest of Osiris, formost of the temple, the priest of Isis the scorpion
26th Dynasty

pḥ.ty [n] rꜥ nḫ.t n šw šf snḏ n pẖr=k dj.n=k dmj r ḥꜥ.w=k
the powerful one of Re, the strong one of Shu, respected of fear for that which you traverse, after you gave that which is attached to your limbs.
Ptolemaic Period

wṯs.t-ḥr ẖꜣ.t=sn ḏsr m-ḫn.t tꜣ ḏr=f
the throne of Horus. Their corpses are sacred in front of all the land,
Ptolemy IV Philopator

ḥnk wꜣḏ.w msdmt n nb tꜣ.wy sꜥr (j)ḫ.t jr.t
presenting the green eye paint and the black eye paint to the lord of the two lands, causing the thing of the eye to rise.
Ptolemy IV Philopator

ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t sꜣb šw.t pr m ꜣḫ.t
Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the multi-coloured of feathers who goes forth from the horizon.
Ptolemy V Epiphanes

ḥr bḥḏ.t ꜥpy šps sḫḫ tꜣ m šw.t=f
Horus of Edfu, the noble winged sun in scarab form, who hastens the land with his shadow
Ptolemy VI Philometor

r ḏsr s.t wr.t r ꜣḫ.t n.t p.t ꜥpy wr m-ḫnt=s
in order to raise up the great place to the horizon of the sky, the great winged scarab is in front of it
Ptolemy VI Philometor

ḥw.t-nṯr n.t ḥr-ꜣḫ.ty prj=f m ꜣḫ.t m ꜥpy nṯr.y
.. temple of Horachte, while he goes forth from the horizon as the divine winged sundisk
Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb p.t ḫprr šps
Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the noble scarab,
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

bdš=k sbj.w m ꜣ.t=k
you made the enemies weak in your moment of attack.
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

ḫꜣꜥ.n=f bjꜣ=f r=f m ꜣ.t wꜥ.t
He has thrown his harpoon at him in one moment of attack
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

ḫpr ḏs=sn m ꜥḥꜥ.w jpn nfr.w wꜥ nb m ḏsr s.t
who came to be by themselves as these beautiful snakes, everyone as one who is sacred of place.
Ptolemy XIII

msnt.y qn ḥr smꜣ ḥnt.yw ḫfꜥ ḫmt r ḫt ḫnt
The brave harpooner is killing the crocodiles and grabbing the harpoon in order to repel the crocodile.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ꜥnḫ=k n mꜣꜣ s(y) nn ḥr=s r=k km ḏ.t ḥtp ḥm=k
May you live because of seeing her, she will not be far away from you, completing eternity, while your majesty rests.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḥḥ r ḥꜣ.t=s ḥfnw r pḥ.wy=s šn.wt mḏ.w m ḥr(.y)-jb=s
Millions before her, hundred of thousands behind her, hundreds and tens in her middle.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

wnn nbj ḥḥ nṯr ḫnt ḥw.t-smꜣ-tꜣ.wy nḥb-kꜣ.w grg tꜣ pn ḥr qmꜣ ḥḥ.w ḥr sḫpr ḥfnw.w ḥr rdj(.t) ꜥnḫ n ꜥnḫ.w
The one who fasioned Heh, the god in front of the mansion of uniting the two lands, Nehebkau who establishes this land, is creating millions, creating hundreds of thousands, giving life to the living.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

šps.tj r nfr m kꜣ.t n.t ḥḏ-ḥtp
ennobled to perfection through the work of Hedj-Hetep
Cleopatra VII Philopator

s.t tꜣ mw.t mšꜥ.w ꜥšꜣ.w m smꜣ.yw stš jm=f
The place of the death of the numerous soldiers among the followers of Seth
Cleopatra VII Philopator

bꜣ šps n wsjr ḫnt.(y) jmn.t(y)t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏ.w wsjr jwn wr m jwn.t bꜣ šps jyj=f m ꜣḫ šps r ẖnm ḫpr.w=f m ḥw.t-nṯr=f
The noble ba of Osiris, formost of the west, great god, lord of Abidos, Osiris the pillar, great one in Dendera, the noble ba, he comes as the noble spirit in order to unite with his shapes in his temple.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

s.t pr ḥw.t-ḥr ẖr mnw
The place where Hathor goes forth under Menou.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

m ḥḥ.w n(.w) n(y)-sw.t sqꜣ sw r km ḏ.t
as millions for the king, exalting him in order to complete eternity.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

qꜣ r p.t ꜥꜣ qmꜣ.ty
higher than the sky, great of image,
Cleopatra VII Philopator

jnj=j n=k pr m nw.w ḥꜣ.t pr m jtm.w
which I bring to you, which goes forth from the primeaval waters of the beginning, which go forth from Atoum,
Cleopatra VII Philopator

prj m wꜣs.t
who goes forth from Thebes
Augustus

ḏd jn wsjr ḫnt.y jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw sꜣ n wr tp n gbb wpj ḫ.wt nfr ḥr dj ꜥnḫ ḏd wꜣs nb snb nb ꜣw-jb nb n djw-ḥr nḥḥ ḏ.t jry
Spoken by Osiris, the formost of the westerners, the lord of Abidos, the firstborn son of Geb, who judges the cases, beautiful of face, who gives all life, stability and dominion, all health and all joy to Teüris, all eternity and forever.
Trajan
Bibliography
Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 531
Credits
Creator: TSL
Editor(s):

logogram (1 function(s))
Phonetic value Semantic value Use
t bread regular

Tokens
TokenSourceDate

jn.n n ppy pn t=f j.ḫm ḫsḏ ḥnq.t=f j.ḫm.t ꜥwꜣ
This Pepi has been brought his bread, which does not know mold, and his beer, which does not know rot.
Pepi I Merire
Bibliography
Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 531
Credits
Creator: M. Bader
Editor(s):

morphemogram (1 function(s))
Phonetic value Semantic value Use
t female regular

Tokens
TokenSourceDate

sꜣ rꜥ mr.y wꜣḏ.t
the son of Re, beloved of Wadjet,
Ini Nyuserre

j.jz r=ṯ jr ḥw.wt srq.t
Go to the mansions of Serket
Pepi I Merire

wsir ꜣḫ.t jqr.t n rꜥ (šr)j-rꜥ
Osiris, the efficient spirit of Ra, (Sher)ira.
Ramesside Period

ḥtp-dj-nsw wsjr nb ḏd.w ḫnt(.y) jmn.tyw nb ꜣb(ḏ.w) ḥꜣ.t(y)-ꜥ smḥr-wꜥ.t(y) ḥqꜣ ḥw.t (j)m(.y)-r(ꜣ) jꜥꜣ.w ḏꜣr.j
A royal offering (for) Osiris, Lord Of Djedu, and Khenti-Amentiu, Lord of Abydos, (in favour of) the major, sole companion, estate manager and overseer of the interpreters Djari
Intef II Wahankh

jr n rḥ.w-ꜥnḫ ḥm.t=f
which was performed by Rehouankh, his wife
Middle Kingdom

jqr ḥw.t-ḥr jwn.t nb.t jq
The nome of the Crocodile. Hathor of Dendera, the lady of the nome of the crocodile.
Senwosret I Kheperkare

ḏ=s ꜥnḫ wḏꜣ snb n kꜣ n nb.t-pr ḥzy n ḥnw.t=s tꜣ-ḫꜣ-rw mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
she may give life, prosperity and health, for the spirit of the lady of the house, favoured one of her mistress, Takhuru, justified
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre

nb.t-pr dwꜣ-m-mr=s mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
lady of the house Dua-em-meres, justified
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre

ḫ.t nb.t bjn.t ḏw.t
all things bad and sad
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre
Bibliography
Credits
Creator: S.D. Schweitzer
Editor(s):

phonemogram (4 function(s))
Phonetic value Semantic value Use
d Ptolemaic
Comment Due to the phonetic merge of the dental phonemes.
Tokens
TokenSourceDate

jm.y-r n pr-ꜥꜣ n p(ꜣ) dmy n ṯꜣm.t ḥr-ḏḥwty mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
the overseer of the farao for the village of Medinet-Habu, Hor-Djehuty, true of voice.
Graeco-Roman Period

bdš=k sbj.w m ꜣ.t=k
you made the enemies weak in your moment of attack.
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

s.t=s dgj šsp.t n(.t) nṯr.t km.t m kꜣ.t n(.t) bjꜣ.yt
Her seat is covered by the cloth of the black netjeret cloth, with the work of she of metal.
Ptolemy XIII

wrd jb nṯr sḫm ḥr sꜣq wsḫ
weary of heart, the powerful god gathering the collar
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ptḥ=sn r=sn fnḏ=sn
they open their mouth and their nose
Cleopatra VII Philopator

štw šꜥd t-ḥnq.t m dbdb
The turtle is cut down, bread and beer as pieces
Cleopatra VII Philopator

smꜣ mg(ꜣ) ḏd-mdw mg(ꜣ) mds m-bꜣḥ=k sꜣb šw.t ḫꜥ.w=k rwḏ m ḫꜥ.w
Killing the crocodile. Recitation: The crocodile is cut down in front of you, the many coloured of feathers, your harpoon is firm in the crocodile.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

šꜥd šnṯ.yw m ꜥbb=f
who cuts down the crocodiles with his harpoon
Cleopatra VII Philopator

dj ṯꜣw n ꜥnḫ r fnḏ nb.ty wr.t pḥ.ty sḥꜥꜥ tꜣ pn sḫntš jdb.w m ꜣḫ.w=f
who gives the breath of life to the nose of the two ladies, great of strenght, who causes this land to be glad, who causes the riverbanks to rejoice in his power
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḏd jn wsjr ḫnt.y jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw sꜣ n wr tp n gbb wpj ḫ.wt nfr ḥr dj ꜥnḫ ḏd wꜣs nb snb nb ꜣw-jb nb n djw-ḥr nḥḥ ḏ.t jry
Spoken by Osiris, the formost of the westerners, the lord of Abidos, the firstborn son of Geb, who judges the cases, beautiful of face, who gives all life, stability and dominion, all health and all joy to Teüris, all eternity and forever.
Trajan
Bibliography
Cauville, Sylvie (2001), Dendara: le fonds hiéroglyphique au temps de Cléopâtre, page 240
Kurth, Dieter (2007), Einführung ins Ptolemäische: eine Grammatik mit Zeichenliste und Übungsstücken, volume 1, page 434
Credits
Creator: TSL
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis
jt regular

Tokens
TokenSourceDate

nḏr.t ꜥ=f jn jt.w jn kꜣ.w=f
capturing his hand, by the fathers, by his ka's
Asosi Djedkare

jw g〈r〉g.n=(j) pr jt=(j) šps mḥ.n=(j) sw m [špss]
I established the house of my honorable father and filled it with precious things.
1st Intermediate Period

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr nb mdny.t jwꜥ n wn-nfr-mꜣꜥ-ḫrw sms.w nfr ḥr s.t jt=f
Recitation by Horus, lord of Medenit, heir of Wennofer, justified, the beautiful elder upon the throne of his father
Cleopatra VII Philopator
Bibliography
Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 531
Credits
Creator: TSL
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis
t regular

Tokens
TokenSourceDate

nḏr.t ꜥ=f jn jt.w jn kꜣ.w=f
capturing his hand, by the fathers, by his ka's
Asosi Djedkare

jmj jwj Wsjr m jw.t=f tw ḏw.t
Let Osiris not come in that bad coming of his.
Pepi I Merire

jšš pr m r' ḥr.w jsd pr m r' stš
[...] the spittle that came from Horus's mouth, the saliva that came from Seth's mouth [...]
Pepi I Merire

rḏ.y n=k jr.ty=k m jꜥr.ty=k
Your eyes are given to you as your two uraeus snakes
Pepi I Merire

šms ḫꜣ-bꜣ=s qbḥ.wt=k mr.t=k
the starry sky follows your qbH.wt, whom you love,
Pepi I Merire

ꜥnḫ.t(j) m ꜥnḫ ḏd.t(j) m ḏd n ḏ.t ḏ.t
alive as the ankh-beetle, stable as a djed-column for the body of eternity.
Pepi I Merire

ꜥꜣ ḥr=f ḫtn ḫns ḫtm=f m jr.ty ḏw.t
The door, upon it is the xtn of the double bull, its lock is as the two evil eyes.
Pepi I Merire

ḥꜣ.ty-ꜥ ẖtm.w-bj.ty smḥr wꜥ.ty
The mayor, the seal bearer of the king of Lower Egypt, the sole companion
Pepi II Neferkare

jw pḥ.n šmꜥ.w jqr jwn.t
while the grain of Upper Egypt reached the nome of the crocodile, and Dendera.
9th/10th Dynasties

nfr qd sbꜣ.n bjꜣ.t=f mj ẖrd ḫpr m-ꜥ jt
one who is good of character, whom his nature has taught, like a child comes to be through the father
11th Dynasty (after reunification)

jnk gr n ḏnd šbn n ḫm n mr.t ḫsf ꜣd
I am the one who is silent for the angry, who mingles with the ignorant for one who loves to repel anger.
12th Dynasty

ḫꜣ m t ḥnq.t kꜣ ꜣpd ḫ.t nb.t n kꜣ n ḥr-ḥq.t
a thousand of bread, beer, oxen and fowl, everything for the ka of Hr-Hq.t
12th Dynasty

dj hq.t ḥnꜥ ẖnm.w
which Heqet and Khnoum gave,
Senwosret I Kheperkare

pꜣ.tyw šꜣꜥ.w m jr.t jdb ḥq.t
The primeaval ones, who started making the riverbank of Heqat
Senwosret I Kheperkare

mr.t=j m ẖ.t n.t jt.y
that which I love is in the belly of the sovereign.
Senwosret I Kheperkare

jqr ḥw.t-ḥr jwn.t nb.t jq
The nome of the Crocodile. Hathor of Dendera, the lady of the nome of the crocodile.
Senwosret I Kheperkare

ḏd-mdw dj.n(=j) n=k ꜣw.t-jb nb ḏd-mdw dj.n(=j) n=k snb nb ḫr(=j)
Recitiation: I have given all joy to you. Recitation: I have given all health through me.
Senwosret II Khakheperre

pḥ.w pḥ.t(w)=f gr.w gr.t(w)
who attacks when he is attacked; who is silent when one is silent
Senwosret III Khakaure

jw jr.n=j tꜣš=j ḫnt=j jt.w=j
I have made my border, while I go south (beyond) my fathers.
Senwosret III Khakaure

r n ḫsf ꜥpšꜣy.t
A spell of repelling the apSAy.t insect
18th Dynasty

smn.t jn ḥm=f ꜥnḫ wḏꜣ snb ḥr wrr.t=f m-bꜣḥ jt=f rꜥ-ḥr-ꜣḫ.ty-ḥꜥ.y-m-ꜣḫ.t
remaining by his majesty, life, prosperity, health, upon his chariot, in front of his father Rehorachte, who rejoices in the horizon
Amenhotep IV / Akhenaten Neferkheperure

ḏfꜣ.w pr=f n ḏ.t m ḥḥ.w ḥfn.w m ẖ.wt
who provisions his house of eternity with millions and hundreds of thousands of things,
Amenhotep IV / Akhenaten Neferkheperure

jr (j)n bj.t n jmn ꜥꜣ-nḫt.w-ḫnsw
Performed by the beekeeper of Amon, Aa-nakht-Khonsu
19th Dynasty

ḏd-mdw jn ḥm n rꜥ nfr.wy s.ty
Recitation by the majesty of Re: How beautiful is it
Sety I Menmaatre

ḫ.t nb.t bjn.t ḏw.t
all things bad and sad
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre

ḏw.w jn.wt st mj pꜣ snḥm.w
the hills and valleys, they are like the locusts
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre

ḫ.t nb.t bjn.t ḏw.t
all things bad and sad
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre

jt nṯr n jmn smꜣ n mnw jmy-ḫnt n fꜣj ꜥ ḥm-nṯr n wꜣḏ.ty ḥsk.w n wnn-nfr
The god's father of Amon, the Stolist of Min, the chamberlain of the one who lifts the arm, the priest of the two Uraeus snakes, the Hesek priest of Wenennofer,
Ramesses IV Usermaatre-Setepenamun

ḥm-nṯr wsjr ḫnt(y) ḥw.t-nṯr ḥm-nṯr ꜣs.t ḥḏḏ.t
The priest of Osiris, formost of the temple, the priest of Isis the scorpion
26th Dynasty

šnj.t nṯr šp tp=f šnj.t=ṯ ḏs=ṯ nn srq.t
the god, whose head is blind will be summoned; you yourself will be summoned here, scorpion.
26th Dynasty

ḏd=f jyj pw jr.n wr ꜥꜣ n nb n ḫꜣs.t nb(.t) kmbjṯt r km.t
He says: the king of the lord of every foreign land, Cambyses, came to Egypt
Cambyses Mestiure

jm.y-r n pr-ꜥꜣ n p(ꜣ) dmy n ṯꜣm.t ḥr-ḏḥwty mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
the overseer of the farao for the village of Medinet-Habu, Hor-Djehuty, true of voice.
Graeco-Roman Period

mḥy.t pr m tf(n).t ꜥnḫ pr m rꜥ jd.t pr m ꜣs.t
the north wind goes forth from Tefnut, life goes forth from Re, the pleasant smell goes forth from Isis,
Graeco-Roman Period

pḥ.ty [n] rꜥ nḫ.t n šw šf snḏ n pẖr=k dj.n=k dmj r ḥꜥ.w=k
the powerful one of Re, the strong one of Shu, respected of fear for that which you traverse, after you gave that which is attached to your limbs.
Ptolemaic Period

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t ꜥpy wr
Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the great winged scarab
Ptolemy IV Philopator

nb ꜥnḫ srq ḥty.t mw.t=f ꜣs.t ḥr wd
the lord of life, who causes the throat of his mother Isis to breathe upon putting (the protection upon him)
Ptolemy IV Philopator

ḥnk wꜣḏ.w msdmt n nb tꜣ.wy sꜥr (j)ḫ.t jr.t
presenting the green eye paint and the black eye paint to the lord of the two lands, causing the thing of the eye to rise.
Ptolemy IV Philopator

ꜥq m ḥm wḏb ẖ.wt sḥtp nṯr.w ḥr ḥm jd.t=sn
Entering as one who repels and reverts the offering that satisfy the gods because of the majesty of their scent.
Ptolemy IV Philopator

ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t sꜣb šw.t pr m ꜣḫ.t
Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the multi-coloured of feathers who goes forth from the horizon.
Ptolemy V Epiphanes

r ḏsr s.t wr.t r ꜣḫ.t n.t p.t ꜥpy wr m-ḫnt=s
in order to raise up the great place to the horizon of the sky, the great winged scarab is in front of it
Ptolemy VI Philometor

ḥr bḥḏ.t ꜥpy šps sḫḫ tꜣ m šw.t=f
Horus of Edfu, the noble winged sun in scarab form, who hastens the land with his shadow
Ptolemy VI Philometor

ꜥnḏ.w šm r ẖ.t ꜥꜣ br.wy rn=f
the light of the sun, which goes to the great thing of the two eye-balls, is its name
Ptolemy VI Philometor

sbk-rꜥ nb nb(.yt) wp.y ḫ.(w)t nb.w(t)
Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, who judges everything.
Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator

ḥw.t-nṯr n.t ḥr-ꜣḫ.ty prj=f m ꜣḫ.t m ꜥpy nṯr.y
.. temple of Horachte, while he goes forth from the horizon as the divine winged sundisk
Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator

sbk n pꜣ jꜣ.t nṯr ꜥꜣ jy n ꜥš n=f sḏm nḥ.wt
Sobek of the mound, the great god, who comes to the one that calls for him, who hears the prayers
Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II

ḫꜣꜥ.n=f bjꜣ=f r=f m ꜣ.t wꜥ.t
He has thrown his harpoon at him in one moment of attack
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t [..] sꜣ rꜥ ḫy pr jm=f
Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, [..] the son of Re, who rose and went forth from him.
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

ḥr mḥ.ty-jꜣb.t n(.t) jq(r)
upon the north-east of the sixth nome
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

ḥnk tb ḥr bj.t ms
Offering oil upon honey and flower oil
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb p.t ḫprr šps
Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the noble scarab,
Ptolemy XI Alexander II

snṯr ḥr ḫꜣw.t qbḥ n kꜣ=tn nṯr.w wr.w šꜣꜥ ḫp(r) mr mꜣꜥ.t ḥtp ḥr=s jr tp-nfr m rk=sn
Incense is on the altar, a libation for your ka, great gods who where first to come to be, who love truth, who are satisfied because of it, who performed good in their time.
Ptolemy XII Philopator Philadelphos Neos Dionysos (complete reign)

ꜥšꜣ smn.w=f m ḏ.t=f ẖ.t=f ḏsr ḏ.t=f tp rnp.t n nḥb-k(ꜣw)
numerous are his shapes in the day and night, sacred is his body at the beginning of the year because of Nehebkau,
Ptolemy XIII

bꜣ n jtm.w dj=f s(w) m ḏ.t=f m jtn wr dj ḥḏḏ.wt pr=f m pr=f
The Ba of Atoum, he places him in his body as the great sun disk, which gives brightness while it goes forth from its house
Ptolemy XIII

ꜥq=f psḏ-tꜣ.wy m mk n ẖn.ty=f
he enters the 'which illuminates the two lands' bark in the festival of his statue
Ptolemy XIII

bꜣ.w ꜥnḫ.w m tꜣ n jtm.w
The living Ba's in the land of Atoum
Ptolemy XIII

ḏd mdw jn rnn.wtt srq.t ḫsf ḏdf.wt ḥm.t nmt.t sn r [pr]-šps.t
Recitiation by Renenoutet-Serket, who opposes the snakes, who repels and strides through them to the house of the noble one.
Ptolemy XIII

ḏd-mdw (j)n ꜣs.t ḥḏḏ.t n(.t) bḥd.t mw.t-nṯr n bjk nbw.t
Recitation by Isis, the scorpion of Edfu, the mother of the god for the falcon, the golden one
Ptolemy XIII

s.t=s dgj šsp.t n(.t) nṯr.t km.t m kꜣ.t n(.t) bjꜣ.yt
Her seat is covered by the cloth of the black netjeret cloth, with the work of she of metal.
Ptolemy XIII

rn=k r nfr n wp.t ḥr=k m ꜥbnḫ
your name will be good for Wepet, your face is as a frog.
Ptolemy XIII

jn=f n=k jq ḏd.tw ẖr ḏ.t=k
He brings for you, the nome of the annihilated crocodile, stability under your body
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ꜥnḫ=k n mꜣꜣ s(y) nn ḥr=s r=k km ḏ.t ḥtp ḥm=k
May you live because of seeing her, she will not be far away from you, completing eternity, while your majesty rests.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

n ꜣs.t wḥꜥ
for Isis, the scorpion
Cleopatra VII Philopator

n ḏꜣr(.t)-ꜥnḫ ḥr(y)-jb jtn
for Djaret-ankh, residing in the sun disk
Cleopatra VII Philopator

n srq(.t) ḥr(y)-jb bḥd.t
for the scorpion, residing in Edfu
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḥḥ r ḥꜣ.t=s ḥfnw r pḥ.wy=s šn.wt mḏ.w m ḥr(.y)-jb=s
Millions before her, hundred of thousands behind her, hundreds and tens in her middle.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ṯs tw qꜣ šw.ty ḥqꜣ wꜣḏ.ty
who raises you, high of the double plume, the ruler of the two uraeus snakes
Cleopatra VII Philopator

twt sꜣ wr prj m qꜣy.t nḥb-kꜣw grg tꜣ pn
You are the eldest son, who went forth from the high field, Nehebkau who established this land.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr nb mdny.t jwꜥ n wn-nfr-mꜣꜥ-ḫrw sms.w nfr ḥr s.t jt=f
Recitation by Horus, lord of Medenit, heir of Wennofer, justified, the beautiful elder upon the throne of his father
Cleopatra VII Philopator

wsr.t šnt.yt wr.t-ḥkꜣw wr.t-n(.t)-p.t wꜣḏ.yt
The powerful one, Shentayet, Weret-Hekau, the great one of the sky, the Uraeus,
Cleopatra VII Philopator

dj=s rnp.wt ꜥšꜣ.w(t) wr.w(t) n sꜣ=s mr.y=s
She gives many and great years to her son whom she loves
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ꜥq ẖr ꜥn.tyw r sgn ḥr.t-tp m r-ꜥ.wy n.w(y) šsmw
who enters bearing myrrh in order to anoint the Uraeus with the product of the hands of Chesemou
Cleopatra VII Philopator

s.t tꜣ mw.t mšꜥ.w ꜥšꜣ.w m smꜣ.yw stš jm=f
The place of the death of the numerous soldiers among the followers of Seth
Cleopatra VII Philopator

s.t pr ḥw.t-ḥr ẖr mnw
The place where Hathor goes forth under Menou.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

n(.t) tꜣ šmꜥ bj.tyt n(.t) tꜣ mḥw
(the queen) of the land of upper Egypt, the queen of the land of lower Egypt
Cleopatra VII Philopator

šn=f ḥꜣ=f twt=sn r snḥm
he surrounds that which is behind him, all of them more than locusts
Cleopatra VII Philopator

wꜥ.t m tꜣ-rr srq.t wr.t
The sole one in Dendera, the great scorpion
Cleopatra VII Philopator

sꜣ ꜥnḫ wꜣs nb ḥꜣ=f mj rꜥ ḏ.t šny qr.ty ḏd kꜣ jmn wḏb.w
the protection of all life and dominion is behind him like Re, eternally, which encircles the twin caverns of the nile, enduring of the hidden kA and the riverbanks
Cleopatra VII Philopator

štw šꜥd t-ḥnq.t m dbdb
The turtle is cut down, bread and beer as pieces
Cleopatra VII Philopator

msnt.y qn ḥr smꜣ ḥnt.yw ḫfꜥ ḫmt r ḫt ḫnt
The brave harpooner is killing the crocodiles and grabbing the harpoon in order to repel the crocodile.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḥtp.wt m jq(r) m ptḥ nfr ḥr
who rests in the nome of the annihilated crocodile as Ptah, beautiful of face
Cleopatra VII Philopator

jr ꜥḏ.t m ꜥfꜥ.w
who makes a slaughter among the crocodiles
Cleopatra VII Philopator

šps.tj r nfr m kꜣ.t n.t ḥḏ-ḥtp
ennobled to perfection through the work of Hedj-Hetep
Cleopatra VII Philopator

šp ḫ(n)m.ty=k(y) srq ḥt.yt
which fills your two nostrils with air, causing the throat to breathe
Cleopatra VII Philopator

m ḥḥ.w n(.w) n(y)-sw.t sqꜣ sw r km ḏ.t
as millions for the king, exalting him in order to complete eternity.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

jyj=f n=ṯ mn.w=f r dmj
He comes to you, his ship is towards the harbour
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ḥr-smꜣ-tꜣ.wy nb ḫꜣ-dj nṯr ꜥꜣ ḥr(.y)-jb jwn.t rꜥ pw ḫpr ḏs=f m sp tp(.y)
Harsomtus, lord of +txA-di+l, great god, who resides in Dendera, it is Re who came to be by himself the first time
Cleopatra VII Philopator

ṯḥḥ.wt ḫpr.tj m ḫt-mn
The exultation comes to be in Egypt
Cleopatra VII Philopator

bꜣ šps n wsjr ḫnt.(y) jmn.t(y)t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏ.w wsjr jwn wr m jwn.t bꜣ šps jyj=f m ꜣḫ šps r ẖnm ḫpr.w=f m ḥw.t-nṯr=f
The noble ba of Osiris, formost of the west, great god, lord of Abidos, Osiris the pillar, great one in Dendera, the noble ba, he comes as the noble spirit in order to unite with his shapes in his temple.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

wnn skr sꜣq m ḏ.t=f ḥqꜣ.t ḥnw wṯs ḥm=f m tꜣ
Sokar is gathered in his body, she who rules the Henu-bark, who lifts his majesty in the land.
Cleopatra VII Philopator

sṯḥn.n=f ꜣḫ.t m rd
he has made the field bright with plants
Augustus

ḏd jn wsjr ḫnt.y jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw sꜣ n wr tp n gbb wpj ḫ.wt nfr ḥr dj ꜥnḫ ḏd wꜣs nb snb nb ꜣw-jb nb n djw-ḥr nḥḥ ḏ.t jry
Spoken by Osiris, the formost of the westerners, the lord of Abidos, the firstborn son of Geb, who judges the cases, beautiful of face, who gives all life, stability and dominion, all health and all joy to Teüris, all eternity and forever.
Trajan
Bibliography
Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 531
Credits
Creator: TSL
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis
regular
Comment Due to the phonetic merge of the dental phonemes.
Tokens
TokenSourceDate

ḏ=ṯ mꜣꜣ(=j) nfr.w=ṯ m ẖr.t-hrw
may you grant me to see your beauty daily
Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre
Bibliography
Cauville, Sylvie (2001), Dendara: le fonds hiéroglyphique au temps de Cléopâtre, page 240
Kurth, Dieter (2007), Einführung ins Ptolemäische: eine Grammatik mit Zeichenliste und Übungsstücken, volume 1, page 434
Credits
Creator: S.D. Schweitzer
Editor(s):