Hieroglyphic sign - Thot Sign List

classifier (1 function(s))

Phonetic value

Semantic value

Use

—

geographical location

regular

Tokens

Token	Source	Date
	wrš wnjs sḏr=f sḥtp=f nw.ty m wnw Unas will spend the day and he will spend the night, while he pacifies the two adzes in Hermopolis.	Unas
	jw=(j) hꜣ.k(wj) r ꜣbḏ.w ẖr I descended to Abydos, which was under ...	1st Intermediate Period
	ḥqꜣ ṯnj m mr.wt qd.w m mr.wt jr.t ḫt r nfr ḏd m r'=f jr m ḫpš=f the ruler of Thinis, with a desire to build, with a desire to do good things, who speaks with his mouth and who acts with his strong arm	9th/10th Dynasties
	jw pḥ.n šmꜥ.w jqr jwn.t while the grain of Upper Egypt reached the nome of the crocodile, and Dendera.	9th/10th Dynasties
	jsṯ tꜣ pn ẖr s.t ḥr=f ḫnt.t r ꜣbw pḥ.t r tꜣ-wr ṯn(.y) while this land was under his care, south to Elephantine, north to Thinis of the Thinite nome.	Intef II Wahankh
	ḥtp-ḏ-nswt wsjr nb-ḏd.w ḫnt(.j)-jmn.tjw nb-ꜣbḏw m s.wt=f nb(.t) pr.t-ḫrw ḫꜣ t' ḥnq.t ḫꜣ kꜣ ꜣpd ḫꜣ šs mnḫ.t ḫꜣ (j)ḫ.t nb(.t) nfr(.t) wꜥb(.t) n jmꜣḫ.w šms.w Mgg.j ḏd An offering that the king gives and Osiris, Lord of Busiris, Khentamenti, Lord of Abydos on all his places: an invocation offering of a thousand of bread and beer, a thousand of bulls and fowl, a thousand of alabaster vessels and pieces of linen, a thousand of all good and pure things for the dignified follower Megegi, who says:	Intef III Nakhtnebtepnefer
	ḥtp-ḏ-nswt wsjr nb-ḏd.w pr.t-ḫrw t (ḥnq.t) iḥ.w ꜣpd.w n.t jmꜣḫ.w ḫr nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb-p.t jn-jt=f ms.n ṯfj An offering which the king gives and Osiris, lord of Busiris: an invocation offering of bread (beer), beef and fowl of the honoured dead under the Great god, lord of the sky, Intef, who Tjefi brought forth.	Mentuhotep II Nebhepetre (complete reign)
	ḥtp-dj-nswt wsjr nb ḏdw ḫnt(.y) jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw An offering that the king gives of Osiris, lord of Busiris, formost of the westerners, lord of Abydos,	Amenemhat I Sehetepibre
	ḏd-mdw jn mnṯw nb wꜣs.t n nṯr.w nb(.w) Recitation by Montou, lord of Thebes, to all the gods.	Senwosret I Kheperkare
	jqr ḥw.t-ḥr jwn.t nb.t jq The nome of the Crocodile. Hathor of Dendera, the lady of the nome of the crocodile.	Senwosret I Kheperkare
	bḥd.t(y) nṯr ꜥꜣ sꜣb šw.t pr m ꜣḫ.t nb p.t nb msn ḫnt(.y) jtr.t šmꜥ.t He of Behedet, the great god, the many-coloured of plumage, who goes forth in the horizon, the lord of the sky, the lord of Mesen, formost of the shrine row of Upper Egypt.	Senwosret I Kheperkare
	nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏw the great god, lord of Abydos.	Senwosret II Khakheperre
	ḥtr=k r grg km.t you are appointed to maintain Egypt to in good order	Sety I Menmaatre
	sbk-rꜥ nb smnw ḥr(y)-jb tꜣ-(j)m(.y)-jtr.w Sobek-Re, lord of Sumenu, who resides in Imiotru	Merenptah Baenre
	ḏd=f jyj pw jr.n wr ꜥꜣ n nb n ḫꜣs.t nb(.t) kmbjṯt r km.t He says: the king of the lord of every foreign land, Cambyses, came to Egypt	Cambyses Mestiure
	mr tꜣ.wy mk km.t He who loves the two lands, who protects Egypt.	Nectanebis (I) Kheperkare
	jmj-r wꜥb sḫm.t mnṯw nb jwnw šmꜥ.w the overseer of the priest of Sekhmet and of Montu, the lord of Upper Egyptian Iunu (i.e. Hermonthis)	Nectanebo (II) Snedjemibre-Setepeniniheret
	jm.y-r n pr-ꜥꜣ n p(ꜣ) dmy n ṯꜣm.t ḥr-ḏḥwty mꜣꜥ-ḫrw the overseer of the farao for the village of Medinet-Habu, Hor-Djehuty, true of voice.	Graeco-Roman Period
	ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t ꜥpy wr Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the great winged scarab	Ptolemy IV Philopator
	ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t sꜣb šw.t pr m ꜣḫ.t Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the multi-coloured of feathers who goes forth from the horizon.	Ptolemy V Epiphanes
	r ḏsr s.t wr.t r ꜣḫ.t n.t p.t ꜥpy wr m-ḫnt=s in order to raise up the great place to the horizon of the sky, the great winged scarab is in front of it	Ptolemy VI Philometor
	ḥr bḥḏ.t ꜥpy šps sḫḫ tꜣ m šw.t=f Horus of Edfu, the noble winged sun in scarab form, who hastens the land with his shadow	Ptolemy VI Philometor
	sbk-rꜥ nb nb(.yt) wp.y ḫ.(w)t nb.w(t) Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, who judges everything.	Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
	ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb p.t ḫprr šps Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the noble scarab,	Ptolemy XI Alexander II
	ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t [..] sꜣ rꜥ ḫy pr jm=f Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, [..] the son of Re, who rose and went forth from him.	Ptolemy XI Alexander II
	sbk-rꜥ nb nb.yt nṯr ꜥꜣ nb tꜣ-sty Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, the great god, lord of the first upper Egyptian nome.	Ptolemy XIII
	n(y)-sw.t šmꜥ bj.ty mḥw the king of upper Egypt, the king of lower Egypt	Ptolemy XIII
	ḏd-mdw (j)n ꜣs.t ḥḏḏ.t n(.t) bḥd.t mw.t-nṯr n bjk nbw.t Recitation by Isis, the scorpion of Edfu, the mother of the god for the falcon, the golden one	Ptolemy XIII
	ḏd mdw jn rnn.wtt srq.t ḫsf ḏdf.wt ḥm.t nmt.t sn r [pr]-šps.t Recitiation by Renenoutet-Serket, who opposes the snakes, who repels and strides through them to the house of the noble one.	Ptolemy XIII
	bꜣ.w ꜥnḫ.w m tꜣ n jtm.w The living Ba's in the land of Atoum	Ptolemy XIII
	ṯḥḥ.wt ḫpr.tj m ḫt-mn The exultation comes to be in Egypt	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	ḥr-smꜣ-tꜣ.wy nb ḫꜣ-dj nṯr ꜥꜣ ḥr(.y)-jb jwn.t rꜥ pw ḫpr ḏs=f m sp tp(.y) Harsomtus, lord of +txA-di+l, great god, who resides in Dendera, it is Re who came to be by himself the first time	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	n(.t) tꜣ šmꜥ bj.tyt n(.t) tꜣ mḥw (the queen) of the land of upper Egypt, the queen of the land of lower Egypt	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	nb [..] nṯr ꜥꜣ m tꜣ-rr ꜥꜣ pḥ.ty Lord of [...], great god in Dendera, great of strenght	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	s.t pr ḥw.t-ḥr ẖr mnw The place where Hathor goes forth under Menou.	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	s.t tꜣ mw.t mšꜥ.w ꜥšꜣ.w m smꜣ.yw stš jm=f The place of the death of the numerous soldiers among the followers of Seth	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	twt sꜣ wr prj m qꜣy.t nḥb-kꜣw grg tꜣ pn You are the eldest son, who went forth from the high field, Nehebkau who established this land.	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr nb mdny.t jwꜥ n wn-nfr-mꜣꜥ-ḫrw sms.w nfr ḥr s.t jt=f Recitation by Horus, lord of Medenit, heir of Wennofer, justified, the beautiful elder upon the throne of his father	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	wꜥ.t m tꜣ-rr srq.t wr.t The sole one in Dendera, the great scorpion	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	bꜣ šps n wsjr ḫnt.(y) jmn.t(y)t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏ.w wsjr jwn wr m jwn.t bꜣ šps jyj=f m ꜣḫ šps r ẖnm ḫpr.w=f m ḥw.t-nṯr=f The noble ba of Osiris, formost of the west, great god, lord of Abidos, Osiris the pillar, great one in Dendera, the noble ba, he comes as the noble spirit in order to unite with his shapes in his temple.	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	n srq(.t) ḥr(y)-jb bḥd.t for the scorpion, residing in Edfu	Cleopatra VII Philopator
	prj m wꜣs.t who goes forth from Thebes	Augustus
	ḏd jn wsjr ḫnt.y jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw sꜣ n wr tp n gbb wpj ḫ.wt nfr ḥr dj ꜥnḫ ḏd wꜣs nb snb nb ꜣw-jb nb n djw-ḥr nḥḥ ḏ.t jry Spoken by Osiris, the formost of the westerners, the lord of Abidos, the firstborn son of Geb, who judges the cases, beautiful of face, who gives all life, stability and dominion, all health and all joy to Teüris, all eternity and forever.	Trajan

Bibliography

Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 498

Credits

Creator: TSL
Editor(s): M. Bader, J. Grotenhuis

interpretant (1 function(s))

Phonetic value

Semantic value

Use

ḫ

—

regular

Comment Used as substitute for TSL_1_931 (Aa1)
Tokens

Token	Source	Date
	sḏb=k nhp=k ꜥnḫ=k You thrive, you are well, you live,	12th Dynasty

Bibliography

Cauville, Sylvie (2001), Dendara: le fonds hiéroglyphique au temps de Cléopâtre, page 169

Credits

Creator: J. Grotenhuis
Editor(s): J. Grotenhuis

logogram (1 function(s))

Phonetic value

Semantic value

Use

njw.t

city, village

regular

Tokens

Token	Source	Date
	mꜣꜣ nḏ.t-ḥr jn.w n ḥw.wt njw.wt mḥ.w šmꜥ.w pr-ḏ.t Seeing the gifts and tribute of the mansions and villages of lower and upper Egypt and the domain of eternity,	Asosi Djedkare
	wḏ.n sw gbb m twꜣ m njw.t Geb has commanded him as an inferior one in the town	Unas
	jw jr.n=(j) (j)m(.j)-r(')-mšꜥ m njw.t tn I was an overseer of troops in this town.	1st Intermediate Period
	m mrr=ṯn ḥs=ṯn nṯr.w=ṯn njw.tyw mn=ṯn ḥr ns.wt=ṯn as you love and praise your city gods, you endure upon your thrones,	Middle Kingdom
	jwj.n=j r njw.t=j tn m wpw.t(y) rḫ.t-n(y)-sw.t r sꜥšꜣ=s wꜥb.w mr.wt I came to this, my city, as a messenger and the custodian of the king's property, in order that it multiplies with priests and underlings	Amenemhat II Nebukaure
	jy-r-njwt-f mꜣꜥ-ḫrw Iyrnioutef, justified.	Ramesses II Usermaatre-Setepenre

Bibliography

Gardiner, Alan Henderson (1957), Egyptian grammar being an introduction to the study of hieroglyphs, 3rd, revised edition, page 498

Credits

Creator: TSL
Editor(s): M. Bader, J. Grotenhuis

phonemogram (2 function(s))

Phonetic value

Semantic value

Use

n(w)t

—

regular

Tokens

Token	Source	Date
	wn r=k jn ḥn.t Your mouth is opened by the pelican,	Senwosret II Khakheperre

Bibliography

Borghouts, J. F. (2010), Egyptian: an introduction to the writing and language of the Middle Kingdom, 2 vols. Egyptologische Uitgaven 24, page 109

Credits

Creator: TSL
Editor(s):

—

cryptographic

Tokens

Token	Source	Date
	jꜣw n=k ḏḥwty wp rḥ.wy m rn=k p(w)y n kꜣ mꜣꜥ.t ḫnt(.y) ḥsr.t ḥr(.y)-jb ḥ(w).t-jbṯ.t Praise to you Thot, who separates the two rivals, in this name of yours of Bull of Maat, foremost of the Heseret who resides in the House-of-the-Bird-Trap.	18th Dynasty

Bibliography

Roberson, J.A. (2020), Enigmatic writing in the Egyptian New Kingdom II: a lexicon of ancient Egyptian cryptography of the New Kingdom. With contributions by David Klotz. Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde - Beihefte 12 (2), p. 141, logogram (Wb I, 489.8) / shape (Q3)

Credits

Creator: Ph. Seyr
Editor(s):

TSL_3_14477 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Semantic value	Use
logogram	njw.t	city, village	regular

mꜣꜣ nḏ.t-ḥr jn.w n ḥw.wt njw.wt mḥ.w šmꜥ.w pr-ḏ.t
Seeing the gifts and tribute of the mansions and villages of lower and upper Egypt and the domain of eternity,

TSL_3_14657 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

jw pḥ.n šmꜥ.w jqr jwn.t
while the grain of Upper Egypt reached the nome of the crocodile, and Dendera.

TSL_3_14897 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

jqr ḥw.t-ḥr jwn.t nb.t jq
The nome of the Crocodile. Hathor of Dendera, the lady of the nome of the crocodile.

TSL_3_15019 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Semantic value	Use
logogram	njw.t	city, village	regular

jwj.n=j r njw.t=j tn m wpw.t(y) rḫ.t-n(y)-sw.t r sꜥšꜣ=s wꜥb.w mr.wt
I came to this, my city, as a messenger and the custodian of the king's property, in order that it multiplies with priests and underlings

TSL_3_15423 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥtr=k r grg km.t
you are appointed to maintain Egypt to in good order

TSL_3_15502 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

sbk-rꜥ nb smnw ḥr(y)-jb tꜣ-(j)m(.y)-jtr.w
Sobek-Re, lord of Sumenu, who resides in Imiotru

TSL_3_15611 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd=f jyj pw jr.n wr ꜥꜣ n nb n ḫꜣs.t nb(.t) kmbjṯt r km.t
He says: the king of the lord of every foreign land, Cambyses, came to Egypt

TSL_3_15622 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

mr tꜣ.wy mk km.t
He who loves the two lands, who protects Egypt.

TSL_3_15675 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

jm.y-r n pr-ꜥꜣ n p(ꜣ) dmy n ṯꜣm.t ḥr-ḏḥwty mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
the overseer of the farao for the village of Medinet-Habu, Hor-Djehuty, true of voice.

TSL_3_15755 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t ꜥpy wr
Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the great winged scarab

TSL_3_15849 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t sꜣb šw.t pr m ꜣḫ.t
Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the multi-coloured of feathers who goes forth from the horizon.

TSL_3_15865 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥr bḥḏ.t ꜥpy šps sḫḫ tꜣ m šw.t=f
Horus of Edfu, the noble winged sun in scarab form, who hastens the land with his shadow

TSL_3_15882 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

r ḏsr s.t wr.t r ꜣḫ.t n.t p.t ꜥpy wr m-ḫnt=s
in order to raise up the great place to the horizon of the sky, the great winged scarab is in front of it

TSL_3_15951 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

sbk-rꜥ nb nb(.yt) wp.y ḫ.(w)t nb.w(t)
Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, who judges everything.

TSL_3_16065 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr bḥd.t nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb p.t ḫprr šps
Recitation by Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, the noble scarab,

TSL_3_16083 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥr bḥd.t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb p.t [..] sꜣ rꜥ ḫy pr jm=f
Horus of Edfu, the great god, the lord of the sky, [..] the son of Re, who rose and went forth from him.

TSL_3_16312 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

bꜣ.w ꜥnḫ.w m tꜣ n jtm.w
The living Ba's in the land of Atoum

TSL_3_16336 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd mdw jn rnn.wtt srq.t ḫsf ḏdf.wt ḥm.t nmt.t sn r [pr]-šps.t
Recitiation by Renenoutet-Serket, who opposes the snakes, who repels and strides through them to the house of the noble one.

TSL_3_16390 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

sbk-rꜥ nb nb.yt nṯr ꜥꜣ nb tꜣ-sty
Sobek-Re, lord of Kom Ombo, the great god, lord of the first upper Egyptian nome.

TSL_3_16456 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

n(y)-sw.t šmꜥ bj.ty mḥw
the king of upper Egypt, the king of lower Egypt

TSL_3_16469 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd-mdw (j)n ꜣs.t ḥḏḏ.t n(.t) bḥd.t mw.t-nṯr n bjk nbw.t
Recitation by Isis, the scorpion of Edfu, the mother of the god for the falcon, the golden one

TSL_3_16636 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

nb [..] nṯr ꜥꜣ m tꜣ-rr ꜥꜣ pḥ.ty
Lord of [...], great god in Dendera, great of strenght

TSL_3_16650 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

n(.t) tꜣ šmꜥ bj.tyt n(.t) tꜣ mḥw
(the queen) of the land of upper Egypt, the queen of the land of lower Egypt

TSL_3_16663 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

n srq(.t) ḥr(y)-jb bḥd.t
for the scorpion, residing in Edfu

TSL_3_16835 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

bꜣ šps n wsjr ḫnt.(y) jmn.t(y)t nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏ.w wsjr jwn wr m jwn.t bꜣ šps jyj=f m ꜣḫ šps r ẖnm ḫpr.w=f m ḥw.t-nṯr=f
The noble ba of Osiris, formost of the west, great god, lord of Abidos, Osiris the pillar, great one in Dendera, the noble ba, he comes as the noble spirit in order to unite with his shapes in his temple.

TSL_3_16892 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

wꜥ.t m tꜣ-rr srq.t wr.t
The sole one in Dendera, the great scorpion

TSL_3_17230 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd-mdw (j)n ḥr nb mdny.t jwꜥ n wn-nfr-mꜣꜥ-ḫrw sms.w nfr ḥr s.t jt=f
Recitation by Horus, lord of Medenit, heir of Wennofer, justified, the beautiful elder upon the throne of his father

TSL_3_17251 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

twt sꜣ wr prj m qꜣy.t nḥb-kꜣw grg tꜣ pn
You are the eldest son, who went forth from the high field, Nehebkau who established this land.

TSL_3_17418 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

s.t tꜣ mw.t mšꜥ.w ꜥšꜣ.w m smꜣ.yw stš jm=f
The place of the death of the numerous soldiers among the followers of Seth

TSL_3_17433 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

s.t pr ḥw.t-ḥr ẖr mnw
The place where Hathor goes forth under Menou.

TSL_3_17450 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ṯḥḥ.wt ḫpr.tj m ḫt-mn
The exultation comes to be in Egypt

TSL_3_17579 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

prj m wꜣs.t
who goes forth from Thebes

TSL_3_17630 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd jn wsjr ḫnt.y jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw sꜣ n wr tp n gbb wpj ḫ.wt nfr ḥr dj ꜥnḫ ḏd wꜣs nb snb nb ꜣw-jb nb n djw-ḥr nḥḥ ḏ.t jry
Spoken by Osiris, the formost of the westerners, the lord of Abidos, the firstborn son of Geb, who judges the cases, beautiful of face, who gives all life, stability and dominion, all health and all joy to Teüris, all eternity and forever.

TSL_3_17728 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥr-smꜣ-tꜣ.wy nb ḫꜣ-dj nṯr ꜥꜣ ḥr(.y)-jb jwn.t rꜥ pw ḫpr ḏs=f m sp tp(.y)
Harsomtus, lord of +txA-di+l, great god, who resides in Dendera, it is Re who came to be by himself the first time

TSL_3_18442 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥtp-ḏ-nswt wsjr nb-ḏd.w ḫnt(.j)-jmn.tjw nb-ꜣbḏw m s.wt=f nb(.t) pr.t-ḫrw ḫꜣ t' ḥnq.t ḫꜣ kꜣ ꜣpd ḫꜣ šs mnḫ.t ḫꜣ (j)ḫ.t nb(.t) nfr(.t) wꜥb(.t) n jmꜣḫ.w šms.w Mgg.j ḏd
An offering that the king gives and Osiris, Lord of Busiris, Khentamenti, Lord of Abydos on all his places: an invocation offering of a thousand of bread and beer, a thousand of bulls and fowl, a thousand of alabaster vessels and pieces of linen, a thousand of all good and pure things for the dignified follower Megegi, who says:

TSL_3_18696 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥtp-ḏ-nswt wsjr nb-ḏd.w pr.t-ḫrw t (ḥnq.t) iḥ.w ꜣpd.w n.t jmꜣḫ.w ḫr nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb-p.t jn-jt=f ms.n ṯfj
An offering which the king gives and Osiris, lord of Busiris: an invocation offering of bread (beer), beef and fowl of the honoured dead under the Great god, lord of the sky, Intef, who Tjefi brought forth.

TSL_3_18906 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

jw=(j) hꜣ.k(wj) r ꜣbḏ.w ẖr
I descended to Abydos, which was under ...

TSL_3_18907 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Semantic value	Use
logogram	njw.t	city, village	regular

jw jr.n=(j) (j)m(.j)-r(')-mšꜥ m njw.t tn
I was an overseer of troops in this town.

TSL_3_19420 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

jsṯ tꜣ pn ẖr s.t ḥr=f ḫnt.t r ꜣbw pḥ.t r tꜣ-wr ṯn(.y)
while this land was under his care, south to Elephantine, north to Thinis of the Thinite nome.

TSL_3_19525 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Semantic value	Use
logogram	njw.t	city, village	regular

m mrr=ṯn ḥs=ṯn nṯr.w=ṯn njw.tyw mn=ṯn ḥr ns.wt=ṯn
as you love and praise your city gods, you endure upon your thrones,

TSL_3_19986 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

bḥd.t(y) nṯr ꜥꜣ sꜣb šw.t pr m ꜣḫ.t nb p.t nb msn ḫnt(.y) jtr.t šmꜥ.t
He of Behedet, the great god, the many-coloured of plumage, who goes forth in the horizon, the lord of the sky, the lord of Mesen, formost of the shrine row of Upper Egypt.

TSL_3_20171 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Use
interpretant	ḫ	regular

sḏb=k nhp=k ꜥnḫ=k
You thrive, you are well, you live,

TSL_3_21095 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥqꜣ ṯnj m mr.wt qd.w m mr.wt jr.t ḫt r nfr ḏd m r'=f jr m ḫpš=f
the ruler of Thinis, with a desire to build, with a desire to do good things, who speaks with his mouth and who acts with his strong arm

TSL_3_21128 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḏd-mdw jn mnṯw nb wꜣs.t n nṯr.w nb(.w)
Recitation by Montou, lord of Thebes, to all the gods.

TSL_3_21401 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

wrš wnjs sḏr=f sḥtp=f nw.ty m wnw
Unas will spend the day and he will spend the night, while he pacifies the two adzes in Hermopolis.

TSL_3_21404 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Semantic value	Use
logogram	njw.t	city, village	regular

wḏ.n sw gbb m twꜣ m njw.t
Geb has commanded him as an inferior one in the town

TSL_3_22467 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

nṯr ꜥꜣ nb ꜣbḏw
the great god, lord of Abydos.

TSL_3_22766 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Use
phonemogram	n(w)t	regular

wn r=k jn ḥn.t
Your mouth is opened by the pelican,

TSL_3_23024 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

ḥtp-dj-nswt wsjr nb ḏdw ḫnt(.y) jmn.tyw nb ꜣbḏw
An offering that the king gives of Osiris, lord of Busiris, formost of the westerners, lord of Abydos,

TSL_3_23983 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Semantic value	Use
logogram	njw.t	city, village	regular

jy-r-njwt-f mꜣꜥ-ḫrw
Iyrnioutef, justified.

TSL_3_25066 00

Function type	Semantic value	Use
classifier	geographical location	regular

jmj-r wꜥb sḫm.t mnṯw nb jwnw šmꜥ.w
the overseer of the priest of Sekhmet and of Montu, the lord of Upper Egyptian Iunu (i.e. Hermonthis)

TSL_3_25248 00

Function type	Phonetic value	Use
phonemogram	p	cryptographic

jꜣw n=k ḏḥwty wp rḥ.wy m rn=k p(w)y n kꜣ mꜣꜥ.t ḫnt(.y) ḥsr.t ḥr(.y)-jb ḥ(w).t-jbṯ.t
Praise to you Thot, who separates the two rivals, in this name of yours of Bull of Maat, foremost of the Heseret who resides in the House-of-the-Bird-Trap.

Class	0-II	II-V	PT-VIII	IX-XI	XII	XIII-XVI	XVII-XVIII	XIX-XX	XXI-XXIV	XXV-XVI	XXVII-XXX	Pt. I-VII	Pt. VIII-XV	Rom.

TSL_3_12396 00

[Source: Jsesh]